Joyce Namugambe
UN cultural agency UNESCO on Monday 29 August 2023 has recommended that Buganda Kingdom tombs of royal traditional leaders in Uganda that were ravaged by fire more than a decade ago should be removed from its list of endangered heritage.
Housed in grass-thatched buildings on a hillside in the capital Kampala, the Tombs of Buganda Kings have been reconstructed with the help of international funding since the 2010 blaze.
The tombs at Kasubi, revered as an important historical and spiritual site for the Baganda people, were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.
UNESCO’s recommendations, following a mission to the site in June, will go before the 21 member states of the World Heritage Committee at its meeting in the Saudi capital Riyadh from September 10-25.
The fire destroyed the main tomb building, a circular structure with a domed roof which was built in 1882 as a palace for the Kabakas or kings of Buganda and converted into a royal burial ground two years later.
UNESCO has described the building known as Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga as an “architectural masterpiece”.
It has said the removal of the tombs from the endangered list would be a powerful symbol given that 50 percent of sites considered in danger are in Africa.
It should be noted that the Kasubi (Masiro) Tombs caught fire in 2010, the incident that led to conflicts between the Buganda Kingdom and the Ugandan security forces, as it occurred during the time when there was strained relationship between Ugandan government and the countries highly respected monarchy when a travel ban was imposed to their king and other monarchy officials in 2009.
After the blaze, at least two people were killed when Ugandan security forces quelled riots that erupted as supporters of the Kabaka tried to prevent Uganda’s veteran President Yoweri Museveni from visiting the devastated site.
Ever since the Tombs caught fire, the kingdom has devised means of reconstructing the Tombs such as through collecting money from the Baganda and Ugandans around the country through the Tofaali campaign being spear headed by the current prime minister Owek Charles Peter Mayiga, which money has been used to bill the reconstruction process alongside the central government and international funding.
In addition to the Tofaali Campaign, the Kingdom has also engaged in Luwalo project which is aimed at developing the kingdom activities and reconstruction of the Tombs.
In May this year, the kingdom together with UNESCO and the ministry of tourism from the central government and unveiled a fire extinguisher as one of the ways to protect the Tombs against any fire accident that would ever happen again.
The disaster occurred at a time of strained relations between the government and the Baganda people after a travel ban was imposed on their largely ceremonial monarch in September 2009.
The ban triggered riots around Kampala that left at least 27 people dead.
Last month, thousands of Ugandans joined a ceremony marking the 30th anniversary of the coronation of current Bugandan king Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, whose ancestors ruled a region that includes Uganda’s modern-day capital.
Buganda, one of four ancient kingdoms in the East African country, was first established in the 14th century on the shores of Lake Victoria.
The Baganda make up the largest ethnic grouping in Uganda and their kingdom was granted considerable autonomy after independence from Britain in 1962.
But independence leader Milton Obote went on to outlaw the tribal kingdoms, and forced the Kabaka into exile.
The bush war that brought Obote’s rival Museveni to power in 1986 was successful largely due to support from Buganda.
